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A Lifesaver
Home Office Handbook

Revised UpdateButler's choice of organisation on a chronological and country by county basis follows the gradual growth of the Hitler Jackal Pack in Italy and Central Europe (Vichy France is excluded). This is straightforward enough but he also manages to consistently interweave select reoccuring themes. One of these is the way the general populous regarded Naziism and their country's growing relations with a party formed on racialist lines. It is clear that although there were large parts of the population that supported and aped Naziism in an attempt to ingratiate and carry out their own Nazi revolutions, there were also genuine patriots on the left and right with little time for the foolish pedantry of Nazi racial ideologues.
National parties in Romania and Hungary were at least partially successful in breaking the full force of Nazi attempts to penetrate all aspects of society: King Boris managed to keep Bulgarian troops out of Russia; Admiral Horty managed until 1944 to keep Hungary free from occupation by Germany and, both countries managed to hold off intially the full impact of the main ideological assualt from Naziism against the Jews. In many cases nationalism was the bulkwark against both Naziism and Communism with national parties consolidating power in the early stages of the war at the expense of home grown Nazi parties. In Rumania the forces of the right were actually able to purge and lock up Rumanian Nazis and institute a nationalist/ fascist regime while at the same time currying favour with Hitler.
Hitler's role was at first pragmatic. By using pressure tactics he was able to make a deal with nationalist parties in the Balkans in his persuit for their ultimate paticipation in his War against Russia and, at least tacit compliance in rounding up Jews.
But national parties, with the exception of Bulgaria, at the end of the day were still not able to avoid Hitler's demands of participation in the War against the Allies and specifically sending units to the Russian front. In addition, the progressive elimination of the Jews, so central to Hitler's foreign policy, could not be inevitably put off with scions like Heydrich, Himmler, Frank and Eichmann roaming the Balkans. When nations lost their nerve in the war they were directly occupied by Germany, as Hungary was in 1944, and national nazi-like parties given the riegns of power by their German masters. This allowed the latent Nazi killing machine to directly kick into gear and brought national anti-semites to butcher and kill with impugnity.
In all of the countries with the exception of Croatia (perhaps Hitler's most rabid jackal) the real terror and wholesale killing of political opponents and Jews began after the demise of national parties, such as when King Boris of Bulgaria died and when Admiral Horthy of Hungary was placed under arrest and power given to the Arrow Cross (Hungarian Nazis of a particularly brutal ilk).
Butler also traces the role of these countries as allies of Germany in WWII. Despite stereotypes the soldiers of almost all of the countries, particularly Rumania, fought well in Russia, moreover they produced their fair share of outstanding pilots. Their main downfall was lack of proper equipment and clothing for campaigning in Russia. Each country had no ideological axe to grind with Moscow but all profited in the early Nazi victories by adding significant slices of territory to their national boundaries.
The participation of all countries comes alive in this book and there is plenty to keep one interested. We see individual nations with their own domestic problems and achievements factored into their WWII role. Butler does not mash all countries together to yeild a grand theory. Continuums in fervour for the Nazi cause existed and come out in this book. On one side was the incredibly sadistic rule of Ante Pavelic in Croatia (it would be hard to find a more willing Nazi nation), to the national governments of Horthy (Hungary) and Antonescu (Rumania) struggling to maintain power along national popular fascist lines, while all the time keeping at arms length (and at times suppressing national Nazi movements); to King Boris of Bulgaria covetous of Northern Greece and parts Rumania yet determined to avoid war with Russia.
Despite the occassional stands of national resistence movements in the Jackal nations there is not too much to be proud of here for the respective countries. Although Hitler threatened and inveigled, there we far too many willing adherents to Nazi ideologies in these countries and they showed this in their willingness to profit on the territorial gains given initially by German victory and their zeal to exterminate Jews. Admiral Horthy has recently been ressurected in Hungary as a hero in the struggle against Germany, but it is clear from Butler's book that no amount of national re-examination or attempt to look for heroes in these times can erase the guilt and collective shame for the actions of the "Jackal Pack' in this desperate period.
VERY SUCCINCT & CONSIDERED OVERVIEWButler's choice of organisation on a chronological and country by county basis follows the gradual growth of the Hitler Jackal Pack in Italy and Central Europe (Vichy France is excluded). This is straightforward enough but he also manages to consistently interweave select reoccuring themes. One of these is the way the general populous regarded Naziism and their country's growing relations with a party formed on racialist lines. It is clear that although there were large parts of the population that supported and aped Naziism in an attempt to ingratiate and carry out their own Nazi revolutions, there were also genuine patriots on the left and right with little time for the foolish pedantry of Nazi racial ideologues.
National parties in Romania and Hungary were at least partially successful in breaking the full force of Nazi attempts to penetrate all aspects of society: King Boris managed to keep Bulgarian troops out of Russia; Admiral Horty managed until 1944 to keep Hungary free from occupation by Germany and, both countries managed to hold off intially the full impact of the main ideological assualt from Naziism against the Jews. In many cases nationalism was the bulkwark against both Naziism and Communism with national parties consolidating power in the early stages of the war at the expense of home grown Nazi parties. In Rumania the forces of the right were actually able to purge and lock up Rumanian Nazis and institute a nationalist/ fascist regime while at the same time currying favour with Hitler.
Hitler's role was at first pragmatic. By using pressure tactics he was able to make a deal with nationalist parties in the Balkans in his persuit for their ultimate paticipation in his War against Russia and, at least tacit compliance in rounding up Jews.
But national parties, with the exception of Bulgaria, at the end of the day were still not able to avoid Hitler's demands of participation in the War against the Allies and specifically sending units to the Russian front. In addition, the progressive elimination of the Jews, so central to Hitler's foreign policy, could not be inevitably put off with scions like Heydrich, Himmler, Frank and Eichmann roaming the Balkans. When nations lost their nerve in the war they were directly occupied by Germany, as Hungary was in 1944, and national nazi-like parties given the riegns of power by their German masters. This allowed the latent Nazi killing machine to directly kick into gear and brought national anti-semites to butcher and kill with impugnity.
In all of the countries with the exception of Croatia (perhaps Hitler's most rabid jackal) the real terror and wholesale killing of political opponents and Jews began after the demise of national parties, such as when King Boris of Bulgaria died and when Admiral Horthy of Hungary was placed under arrest and power given to the Arrow Cross (Hungarian Nazis of a particularly brutal ilk).
Butler also traces the role of these countries as allies of Germany in WWII. Despite stereotypes the soldiers of almost all of the countries, particularly Rumania, fought well in Russia, moreover they produced their fair share of outstanding pilots. Their main downfall was lack of proper equipment and clothing for campaigning in Russia. Each country had no ideological axe to grind with Moscow but all profited in the early Nazi victories by adding significant slices of territory to their national boundaries.
The participation of all countries comes alive in this book and there is plenty to keep one interested. We see individual nations with their own domestic problems and achievements factored into their WWII role. Butler does not mash all countries together to yeild a grand theory. Continuums in fervour for the Nazi cause existed and come out in this book. On one side was the incredibly sadistic rule of Ante Pavelic in Croatia (it would be hard to find a more willing Nazi nation), to the national governments of Horthy (Hungary) and Antonescu (Rumania) struggling to maintain power along national popular fascist lines, while all the time keeping at arms length (and at times suppressing national Nazi movements); to King Boris of Bulgaria covetous of Northern Greece and parts Rumania yet determined to avoid war with Russia.
Despite the occassional stands of national resistence movements in the Jackal nations there is not too much to be proud of here for the respective countries. Although Hitler threatened and inveigled, there we far too many willing adherents to Nazi ideologies in these countries and they showed this in their willingness to profit on the territorial gains given initially by German victory and their zeal to exterminate Jews. Admiral Horthy has recently been ressurected in Hungary as a hero in the struggle against Germany, but it is clear from Butler's book that no amount of national re-examination or attempt to look for heroes in these times can erase the guilt and collective shame for the actions of the "Jackal Pack' in this desperate period.


Shows that business leaders fought laissez faire[Shaffer] clearly demonstrates that the postwar period was not, as commonly depicted, the final hurrah of laissez-faire. On the contrary, "with the war concluded, leaders from a number of industries undertook a campaign on behalf of a system of 'cooperation' and 'self-regulation' for American industry" (p. 28). In a virtual summation of his book, he writes, "World War I may not have made the world safe for democracy, but it did give encouragement to some business leaders that a system of 'business cooperation,' subject to legal enforcement by the government, could become a functional reality in order to make competition safe for business" (p. 28).
The 1920s were marked by a political tug-of-war over business policy. On one side were corporate leadersand career politicians, such as Herbert Hooverwho saw in the War Industries Board the precise mechanism they craved to control competition and to force "order" on the economy. On the other side were advocates not of laissez-faire, but of so-called self-regulation. Trade association "codes of ethics," developed by most industries during or after the war, were intended to achieve identical goals through voluntary restraints on competition. The Harding and Coolidge administrations tended to be very receptive to the latter approach. The now-predictable result, of course, was that without enforcement authority, industry leaders spent their energy excoriating the "ten-percenters," who refused to cooperate, or trying to outlaw one example after another of "unfair competition." Almost every imaginable method of competition was attacked during the 1920s.
The election of Herbert Hoover (derisively called "Wonder Boy" by Calvin Coolidge) and the subsequent crash of the stock market provided both a rationale and the support for business to regain the wartime mechanisms for controlling competition. One Hoover administration initiative after another garnered strong support from the business community, but as economic conditions worsened, the demands for intervention grew more radical. Then, with the worsening of the Great Depression and the election of Franklin D. Roosevelt, the support and the rationale both soared to new heights. The National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) of 1933, far from a program passed over the objections of business, was actually the culmination of fifteen years of special pleading by business leaders. Shaffer's book dispels any remaining doubts about its genesis as a plan endorsed and lobbied for by business. The facts and the quotations are numerous; their impact is overwhelming.
Great book that shows the value of free-market ideas

Tiger, Tiger Burning Bright, Star of Genius And Of MightWe played checkers
on the banisters
while our sun was bright
and petunias wound their way
upward on a string
By evening we gathered together
on the doorsteps
listening to ghost tales
or watching how stars blinked
and planets stood still
At night we put our board and me away
while flowers closed their blooms
and with phantoms raging in our heads
We shut our eyes
and slept as quiet moons.
THE SAP OF LIFEfacets of life, sadness, love and death. He is familiar with the seasons, with nature, the South, the requirements of survival and the relations between men, women and children. It was with apprehension of something truly brilliant being lost, that I read the comment that this book is almost out of print. I was eager to reread a stanza from a poem ("Cutting Down My First Tree") of his I have always remembered:
It was something like a scream,
The sound that ax made
Striking through the bark
To slice the raw wood beneath;
And when I was able
To wiggle the small blade out,
It was wet with living sap
That let me know that tree was growing,
Would have given fruit to keep the woods
alive;
But once you fell a tree
The next is easier than the first;
And I needed more than one
To quench my youth thirst;
I had not helped the woods
By cutting down that tree;
And I asked for forgiveness
On my guilty knees;
But that tree that took the fury
Of my first and thirsty blade
Left me preoccupied with the sound
That wet flesh made.


"Very Good, Sir. Thank You, Sir" -- JeevesThis is a series of short stories that make for nice listening and are just the right length for short car trips. I found myself sitting in front of the store or in my garage several times laughing and smiling as a story wound to a close. I think you will, too.
Bertie Wooster is the narrator, and he is longer on connections and money than brains. Seldom out of bed before late morning, his idea of a busy afternoon is watching the cars go up and down Fifth Avenue from a window in his club. He is English, but is residing in the United States for many of these stories. These stories take place in the early part of the 20th century.
But the hero of every story is Jeeves, his man (valet and butler). Jeeves is one of those brainy chaps who can always find a way. He tries to save Bertie from himself (especially when it comes to unsuitable fiancees and clothes), and always succeeds. Sometimes Bertie feels rebellious and indulges himself anyway in his taste for "far out" clothes or even a mustache. That can put a dent in their relationship, but Bertie always repents and does it Jeeves' way in the end.
Bertie has two redeeming qualities. He loves to help his cronies, who are usually subsisting off some distant aunt or uncle or other. Disaster is always pending should such distant relative stop sending money or write the pal out of the will. In a flap, they come to Bertie for help. He summons Jeeves.
The resulting schemes are always full of hilarious plot complications. Bertie may be off pretending to be someone else while the crony is in jail. Or Bertie may be loaning Jeeves, his apartment, and his clothes to someone else while Bertie unhappily skulks in a hotel room. He does his best to entertain a lot of very conservative people, whom he mostly alienates.
Bertie's other redeeming quality is that he sincerely appreciates Jeeves. To which Jeeves replies, "Thank you, Sir."
This reading beautifully captures the flightiness of Bertie and the subtle nuances in Jeeves. You'll feel like you are in the room as unexpected events intervene, and you can't think of what to do any more than Bertie can. Thank God for Jeeves! The reading also makes wonderful use of the dated language and customs to give the listener a sense of a distance time. They become very charming in this context.
After you finish enjoying these droll tales of witty satire, I suggest you think about all of the places where working together can achieve more. You may not be able to find Jeeves, but you may be able to accomplish more by allying with others whose strengths complement yours and fill in for some of your weaknesses.
Top hole, old chap!
P.S. I was also glad that the recording included a little about P.G. Wodehouse's espousal of the Nazi regime around the time of World War II, for which he became quite unpopular in England. Wodehouse eventually became a naturalized American citizen. The stories do not allude to facist causes or ideas, but even when reading popular fiction it is good to know all about the author's background. Some may wish to boycott the stories on principle, and I can't say I blame anyone who does.
An often hilarious parody of British society.

Fair dinkum, this is a great book!
Heading to Australia, have a squizz at this.

Except of review from The Muse's News -December 2000 Issue
Good for beginners and seasoned pros alike...

Great book for curious young minds!
Great teaching tool!

The science resource I have been waiting for!!If you need Science info at your finger tips, I highly recommend you buy this!
The Science resource I have been waiting for!!If you need Science info at your finger tips, I highly recommend you buy this!


Recommended for military buffs and Black Studies students.
Unexcusible Intentionable Oversites of War
The 6th computer had crashed - fine one moment, gone the next (luckily a conversation with a friend had prompted me to buy a zip drive and do a full backup only two weeks before.)
I realized I needed to know much more about the options before I purchased, that my peripheral hardware and software needs were steadily increasing, and there were so many terms I just didn't really understand.
I found the Home Office Handbook - thank goodness. Rapidly the mysteries became comprehendible. The guides helped me immensely to intelligently determine what I did and did not need - even to predict which future additions would be compatible. Quick tips and a dose of humor kept it from being a chore.
I know I saved both time and money (and much frustration.) Thank you, Barbara Butler.